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Reference

Reference

Plain-English definitions for the terms you'll encounter on your financial journey.

C
Cost-of-Living Adjustment (COLA)🏖️ Retirement

An increase in Social Security or pension benefits to help maintain purchasing power as inflation rises.

Credit Header💳 Debt & Credit

The personal identification section of a credit report that contains identifying information such as name, current and previous addresses, and social security number.

D
Delayed Retirement Credits🏖️ Retirement

Increases to monthly Social Security benefits granted for each month a person delays claiming benefits past their full retirement age.

E
Earnings Test🏖️ Retirement

A Social Security rule that temporarily reduces benefits for retirees who continue to work and earn above a certain limit before full retirement age.

EIN🏪 Small Business

An Employer Identification Number is a unique nine-digit number assigned by the government to businesses, acting like a Social Security number for a company. You need it to open a business bank account, hire employees, or file your business taxes.

F
FICA🧾 Taxes

FICA stands for Federal Insurance Contributions Act, which is the tax taken out of your paycheck to fund Social Security and Medicare. Think of it as a mandatory community pot that everyone contributes to so that seniors and the disabled have a guaranteed safety net for income and healthcare.

FICA Tax🧾 Taxes

A United States federal payroll tax that is used to fund Social Security and Medicare programs.

FRA🏖️ Retirement

Full Retirement Age is the specific age set by the government at which you become eligible to receive your maximum monthly Social Security retirement benefit. It is essentially the 'finish line' the government uses to decide when you have worked long enough to collect your full pension payment.

Full Retirement Age📋 Government Programs

The specific age at which a person is eligible to receive their full, unreduced Social Security retirement benefit based on their lifetime earnings.

G
GPO🏖️ Retirement

Government Pension Offset is a rule that reduces the Social Security benefits for people who also receive a government pension from a job that did not pay into Social Security. It acts like a balancing mechanism to ensure you don't receive double benefits from two separate taxpayer-funded retirement systems.

I
Inflation Adjustment🏖️ Retirement

A periodic increase in retirement benefits, like Social Security, intended to help the recipient keep up with rising prices.

P
PIA🏖️ Retirement

Primary Insurance Amount is the base monthly check you receive from Social Security if you start your benefits at your full retirement age. It is the core number the government uses to calculate your specific retirement payment.

Primary Insurance Amount📋 Government Programs

The base dollar amount used by the Social Security Administration to calculate a worker's monthly benefit at their full retirement age.

S
Self-Employment Tax🧾 Taxes

A tax consisting of Social Security and Medicare contributions for individuals who work for themselves rather than an employer.

Social Security🏖️ Retirement

A federal program that provides monthly payments to retired workers and their spouses who paid into the system during their working years.

Social Security Benefits🏖️ Retirement

Monthly payments provided to retired workers, their spouses, and survivors who have paid into the system through payroll taxes.

Social Security Credits📋 Government Programs

Units earned through employment that determine whether a worker has enough work history to qualify for Social Security retirement or disability benefits.

Social Security Disability Insurance📋 Government Programs

A federal program that provides monthly income to individuals who are unable to work due to a significant medical impairment that is expected to last at least one year or result in death.

Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI)📋 Government Programs

A federal program that provides monthly financial assistance to individuals who have a disability that prevents them from working and who have earned enough work credits through prior employment.

Social Security Earnings Test🏖️ Retirement

A rule that reduces Social Security benefits for recipients who continue to work and earn above a specific limit before reaching full retirement age.

Social Security Statement📋 Government Programs

A document provided by the Social Security Administration that lists a worker's earnings history and estimates their future retirement and disability benefits.

Spousal Benefits📋 Government Programs

Social Security payments available to the spouse of a worker who is receiving retirement or disability benefits, even if the spouse has never worked.

SSA🏖️ Retirement

The Social Security Administration is the government agency that manages the national retirement, disability, and survivor benefits programs that many people pay into throughout their working lives.

SSDI📋 Government Programs

Social Security Disability Insurance is a federal program that pays monthly benefits to people who have worked long enough to earn coverage but are now unable to work due to a significant, long-term medical condition.

Survivor Benefits🏖️ Retirement

Social Security payments made to the widow, widower, or children of a deceased worker who was eligible for benefits.

Survivors' Benefits📋 Government Programs

Monthly Social Security payments made to the widow, widower, or children of a worker who has died.

T
Totalization Agreement🏖️ Retirement

An international agreement that helps workers who split their careers between two countries avoid paying double Social Security taxes.

W
WEP🏖️ Retirement

The Windfall Elimination Provision is a rule that may reduce the Social Security benefits of someone who also receives a pension from a job where they did not pay into the Social Security system.